Global · Economic

Supply Chain Failure

Severe

Failure of the just-in-time global logistics system that keeps food, fuel and goods flowing.

63/ 100 risk index
Likelihood
High — partial failures are already routine
Impact
Severe to civilisation-changing
Horizon
Ongoing

Background

What this actually is

Global trade runs through a small number of chokepoints: Suez, Panama, Hormuz, Malacca, Taiwan Strait. Each has been disrupted in the last five years by conflict, drought or attack. Redundancy was engineered out of the system in exchange for cost.

Inventory is the buffer that no longer exists. Most supermarkets hold two to three days of stock and rely on multiple deliveries a day. The system is extremely efficient and has almost no tolerance for shock.

Concentration compounds it: a handful of fabs make advanced chips, a handful of countries make most active pharmaceutical ingredients, and a handful of ports handle most container volume.

Aotearoa

What it means for New Zealand

New Zealand is the most supply-exposed developed economy in the world by distance. Roughly 99% of imports arrive by sea, on services that treat NZ as a spur off Australian routes. There is no oil refinery since Marsden Point closed in 2022, meaning all refined fuel is imported. Fuel stock holdings are in the order of weeks.

Watch for

Early warning signs

  • Shipping rate indices spiking (Baltic Dry, Drewry container index)
  • Carriers dropping or rerouting NZ services
  • Supermarket gaps that persist beyond a week
  • Fuel company allocation notices

Action

How to prepare

  1. 01

    Keep a rolling two-to-four week pantry of what you actually eat, and rotate it

  2. 02

    Keep vehicles above half a tank as a habit

  3. 03

    Identify local growers, butchers and markets before you need them

  4. 04

    Know which of your medicines and consumables have no local substitute

Go deeper

Where to find more information

In an emergency

New Zealand's official channels

In a life-threatening emergency call 111. RNZ National is New Zealand's designated lifeline broadcaster — keep a battery radio.

Connected

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Get prepared

Want to do something useful with this information?

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Visit preparing.nz